This author has yet to write their bio.Meanwhile lets just say that we are proud Paula Urban contributed a whooping 40 entries.
The Communication Function Classification System, or CFCS, is a classification tool used to describe the everyday communication performance of an individual with cerebral palsy (CP). It utilizes the World Health Organization’s (WHO) International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) (1). It is not a test to see how well a person with CP can…
Compound presentation occurs when the part of the fetus closest to the birth canal (usually the head) presents with an extremity next to it (usually hand or arm) (1). It has been estimated to affect less than 0.004% of pregnancies. What are the causes of compound presentation? Compound presentation can occur as a result of…
The thyroid is a small gland in the neck that produces thyroid hormones, which affect heart rate and metabolism. A thyroid disorder occurs when the thyroid makes too much or too little of certain thyroid hormones (1). Hyperthyroidism: This condition occurs when the thyroid is overactive, or makes too much thyroid hormone. It can cause…
In September of 2017, famed tennis star Serena Williams experienced shortness of breath during her recovery from the C-section delivery of her daughter, Alexa (1). Because she had a history of blood clots, she assumed it was a pulmonary embolism, and chased down a nurse to ask for a CT scan and IV heparin. The…
Maternal-fetal medicine specialist, Shivani Patel, wrote an op-ed piece for STAT in May that detailed her experience with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during pregnancy (1). Eight years ago, Patel learned she had preeclampsia during her pregnancy. Preeclampsia is not an uncommon pregnancy condition, affecting roughly 5-8% of pregnant women (2). It involves high blood pressure,…
A recent story in HuffPost entitled “Why Are We Still Cutting Women’s Vaginas During Birth?” tells the story of a woman named Rachel who experienced an episiotomy during childbirth (1). An episiotomy is an incision made to the perineum, the area between the vaginal opening and the anus, to aid in delivery (2). Rachel heard…
In May of 2019, the Department of Clinical Epidemiology at Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital in Denmark completed a register-based study on the effects of migraine headaches in pregnant women and their babies (1, 2). The researchers used Danish health registry data (collected between 2005 and 2012) to find 22,841 pregnant women who had…
In May, senators introduced a bill called Respond, Innovate, Succeed, and Empower, or the RISE Act, S.1585, which would benefit students with disabilities who are attending college (1). The RISE Act is an amendment to the Higher Education Act (HEA) (2). At present, the documentation of a disability that served students in secondary school does…
According to the American Pregnancy Association, dizziness and fainting are very common during pregnancy as a result of the drastic hormonal and metabolic changes the body goes through during the first trimester (1). These changes can lower the mother’s blood pressure or blood sugar, causing dizziness and faintness. In the second trimester, the mother may…
A recent study of term infants in Sweden sought to measure the relationship between Apgar scores of 7 to 9 and neonatal mortality and morbidity. Before we jump into the findings of this new study, let’s talk about what an Apgar score of 7 to 9 means for an infant. Apgar scores are the standard…
